Abstract
The Brahmaputra River, a vital transboundary watercourse traversing China, India, and Bangladesh, is increasingly threatened by intensified monsoon flooding, escalating sedimentation, and rising geopolitical tensions. This research note synthesizes recent literature (2021–2025) to highlight the limitations of traditional flood-control measures and the urgent need for integrated, adaptive river governance. Emphasizing the necessity for real-time data sharing, sediment management, and climate-resilient infrastructure, it advocates for the adoption of Underwater Domain Awareness (UDA) technologies and trilateral cooperation frameworks. The study underscores that only collaborative, data-driven strategies can safeguard the ecological and socio-political stability of the Brahmaputra Basin.
